Genus Euides Fieber, 1866

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Family Delphacidae Leach, 1815

Subfamily Delphacinae Leach, 1815

Tribe Delphacini Leach, 1815

Genus Euides Fieber, 1866: 519.

Type species (in original combination): Euidella basilinea Germar, 1821.

Synonyms

= Euidella Puton, 1886: 72; syn. by Metcalf (1952: 230).
= Epunka Matsumura 1935b: 77; syn. (with Euidella) by Ishihara 1949: 33.
(synonymy with Toyoides Matsumura, 1935 by Ishihara 1949 subsequently considered error)

Distribution

Widespread as currently defined; mostly Holarctic and Neotropics, but New World taxa probably not monophyletic with Old World taxa.

Recognized species

(distribution information may be incomplete)

A total of 20 species are currently placed in the genus as follows:

New World

1 Euides afasciata (Caldwell, 1951 in Caldwell & Martorell 1951) – Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, St. Lucia
= Euidella afasciata Caldwell, 1951.
= Euides afasciata (Caldwell, 1951); comb. by Metcalf, 1952: 230-231 (by implication).

2 Euides altamazonica (Muir, 1926b) – Ecuador
= Euidella altamazonica Muir, 1926b: 16.
= Euides altamazonica (Muir, 1926b); comb. by Metcalf, 1952: 230-231 (by implication).

3 Euides belemensis (Muir, 1926b) – Brazil
= Pissonotus belemensis Muir, 1926b: 19.
= Euides belemensis (Muir, 1926b); comb. by Bartlett & Deitz, 2000: 146.

4 Euides blairmontensis (Muir, 1926b) – Guiana
= Euidella blairmontensis Muir, 1926b: 16.
= Euides blairmontensis (Muir, 1926b); comb. by Metcalf, 1952: 230-231 (by implication).

5 Euides brazilensis (Muir, 1926b) – Brazil, Ecuador, St. Lucia
= Pissonotus brazilensis Muir, 1926b: 19.
= Euides brazilensis (Muir, 1926b); comb. by Bartlett & Deitz, 2000: 146.

6 Euides elegans (Muir, 1926b) – Ecuador
= Euidella elegans Muir, 1926b: 15.
= Euides elegans (Muir, 1926b); comb. by Metcalf, 1952: 230-231 (by implication).

7 Euides equadorensis (Muir, 1926b) – Ecuador
= Pissonotus equadorensis Muir, 1926b: 19.
= Euides equadorensis (Muir, 1926b); comb. by Bartlett & Deitz, 2000: 146.

8 Euides fasciatella (Osborn, 1935) – Belize, Costa Rica, Mexico Gulf (Veracruz), Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico; USA (Florida)
= Liburniella fasciatella Osborn, 1935.
= Euidella fasciatella (Osborn, 1935); comb. by Caldwell and Martorell, 1951: 190.
= Euides fasciatella (Osborn, 1935); comb. by Metcalf, 1952: 230-231 (by implication).
= Pissonotus striolus Osborn, 1935; syn. by Caldwell and Martorell, 1951: 190.
= Delphacodes cornuta Beamer, 1948b: 96; syn. by Kennedy et al. 2012: 404-405.

9 Euides fucata Berg, 1883: 236 – Argentina
= Euides furcata Berg, 1883: 236; comb. restored by Metcalf, 1952: 230-231 (by implication).
= Megamelus fucatus (Berg, 1883); comb. by Crawford, 1914: 632.
= Euidella furcata (Berg, 1883); comb. by Muir, 1926b: 37.

10 Euides fuscovittata Scott, 1881: 155 – Argentina, Paraguay
= Euides fuscovittata Scott, 1881; comb. restored by Metcalf, 1952: 230-231 (by implication).
= Megamelus fusco-vittata (Scott, 1881); comb. by Crawford, 1914: 632.
= Euidella fusco-vittata (Scott, 1881); comb. by Muir, 1926b: 37.

11 Euides grossa (Van Duzee, 1933) – Costa Rica
= Euidella grossa Van Duzee, 1933.
= Euides grossa (Van Duzee, 1933); comb. by Metcalf, 1952: 230-231 (by implication).

Euides guaduae (Muir, 1926b) – see Muellerianella
Euides magnistyla (Crawford, 1914) – See Pareuidella

12 Euides megalostyla (Muir, 1919: 36) – Guiana
= Pissonotus megalostylus Muir, 1919: 36.
= Euides megalostylus (Muir, 1919); comb. by Bartlett & Deitz, 2000: 146.

Euides triloba (Metcalf, 1923) – See Pareuidella
Euides vanduzeei (Muir and Giffard, 1924) – See Pareuidella
Euides weedi (Van Duzee, 1897) – See Pareuidella

Old World
1 Euides alpina (Wagner, 1948: 72) – Austria, Czech Republic, France, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Poland, Russia, Switzerland
2 Euides basilinea (Germar, 1821: 105) – Germany, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu), Poland, Turkey, Russia, Ukraine
3 Euides bilineata (Matsumura, 1935: 77) – Japan (Hokkaido) [this species missing in FLOW]
4 Euides caspiana (Dlabola, 1961) – Iran, Russia, Turkey
5 Euides horvathi (Lallemand, 1925) – Central Africa, Sudan
= Delphax horvathi Lallemand, 1925
= Euidella horvathi (Lallemand, 1925) by Fennah 1969: 25.
= Euides horvathi (Lallemand, 1925) by implication Metcalf 1952.
6 Euides kashmirensis (Muir, 1922) – India (Darjiling), Pakistan
= Euidella kashmirensis Muir, 1922
= Euides kashmirensis (Muir, 1922) by implication Metcalf 1952.
7 Euides semifuscipennis (Muir, 1926a) – South Africa
= Euidella semifuscipennis Muir, 1926a
= Euides semifuscipennis (Muir, 1926a) by implication Metcalf 1952.
8 Euides speciosa (Boheman, 1845: 163) (replacement name for Delphax basilinea Boheman, 1830 nec Germar – Widespread Europe [but old records may be misidentifications], Russia (Primorye), Turkey, Azerbaijan, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine; China
= Delphax asiracoides Forel, 1858 synonym of Euides speciosa (Boheman, 1845) by Puton (1899)
= Delphax speciosa Boheman, 1845
= Liburnia speciosa (Boheman, 1845) [Oshanin 1907]
= Euides speciosa (Boheman, 1845)

Bartlett and Deitz (2000) moved several species formerly in Pissonotus to Euides.

This genus is in need of revision.  It is not clear whether all of these species belong in Euides.  In the analysis of Urban et al, (2010), it was equivocal whether Euides was monophyletic.

Plant associations

Euides speciosa, E. basilinea, E alpina: Common reed (Phragmites).
Euides elegans, E. guaduae: Guadua (Poaceae: Bambuseae) (a bamboo).
Euides speciosa: Arundo donax L.(Giant Cane).

Hosts from Wilson et al. (1994), Gębicki et al. 2013 and FLOW; Plant names from USDA PLANTS or Tropicos.

Economic Importance

Probably limited.

Recognition

Old and New World species are doubtfully congeneric. Old World taxa have unbranched parameres and tend to have asymmetrical processes on segment 10, whereas New World taxa have branched – or complex – parameres and processes on segment 10 are symmetrical or absent.  Old World taxa tend to have the median carinae of the frons forked below the fastigium (see photos below), but it is branched much closer to the fastigium in New World species.  The main similarities between the genera are relatively large size, a tendency to uniform brown in color with diffuse markings on the forewings.  The armature of the diaphragm is quite different between Old and New World forms.  New World Euides probably belong in several genera (e.g., Nicetor), some already moved some to Pareuidella (below).

New World

Recently, most Nearctic species have been transferred to the genus Pareuidella (see Kennedy et al. 2012).  Pareuidella has a large, bifid, avicephaliform armature of the diaphragm and branched parameres.  Tropical species need to be evaluated with respect to their generic placement.

The genus – at least New World members – can be mistaken for Nilaparvata, but lack the teeth on the basitarsus.  Most New World species have complex, often branched parameres (Euides fasciatella is an exception, but this species is probably misplaced to genus).

Adults are frequent at lights.  Brachypters uncommon for most species, but are sometimes found in series sweeping.

(All photos by Kimberley Shropshire University of Delaware)

New World

Euides afasciata

Euides afasciata (Costa Rica, Heredia)

Euides afasciata (Costa Rica, Heredia)

Euides afasciata

Euides altamazonica

 

 

Old World

Euides alpina

Euides speciosa

Euides alpina and E. speciosa from Wagner (1948)

Online resources

EOL
FLOW
Discover Life
Bugguide (not listed – link is to taxonomy tree)
Gernot Kunz Kunzweb Gallery Costa Rica (nothing in the genus currently photographed)
Gernot Kunz Kunzweb Gallery Europe (nothing in the genus currently photographed)
Leafhopper, Planthopper & Psyllid Vectors of Plant Disease (none listed)
3I Interactive Keys and Taxonomic Databases (Dmitry Dmitriev)

Hemipterans of North Carolina (have correctly placed former Euides in Pareuidella)
Japanese Auchenorrhyncha Image Gallery (none)
DEpository (Metazoa of Germany) (1 species listed)
British Bugs (Euides speciosa)

Molecular resources

Genbank now has several species listed, although several (not all) of these are now in Pareuidella. Bold has records for 4 taxa (plus a ‘sp.’, one of these belongs in Nilaparvata) although only 2 with data. 

Selected references

(BHL links incomplete)

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Asche, M. 1982. Beitrage zur Delphaciden-Fauna Jugoslawiens und Bulgariens (Homoptera Cicadina Delphacidae). Marburger Entomologische Publikationen 1(7): 99-138.

Asche, M. 1982. Beitrage zur Delphaciden-Fauna Ungarns (Homoptera Cicadina Delphacidae).  Marburger Entomologische Publikationen 1(7): 139-154.

Asche, M. and R. Remane. 1982.  Beitrage zur Delphaciden-Fauna Griechenlands I (Homoptera Cicadina Delphacidae). Marburger Entomologische Publikationen 1(6): 231-290.

Boheman, C. H. 1845. Nya Svenska Homoptera in Ofversigt af Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 1845: 154-164.

Bartlett, C. R. and G. Kunz. 2015. A new genus and species of delphacid planthopper (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae) from Central America with a preliminary regional species list. Zootaxa 3946(4):510-518. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3946.4.2. [erratum subsequently published Zootaxa 3963 (4): 598–600; http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3963.4.7]

Bartlett, C.R. and L. L. Deitz. 2000. Revision of the New World delphacid planthopper genus Pissonotus (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea). Thomas Say Publications in Entomology: Monographs. 234 pp.

Bartlett, C. R., L. B. O’Brien and S. W. Wilson. 2014. A review of the planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) of the United States. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 50: 1-287.

Beamer, R. H. 1948. Some new species of Delphacodes (Homoptera: Fulgoridae: Delphacinae), Part IV. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 21(3): 96-110.

Berg, C. 1883b. Addenda et emendanda ad Hemiptera Argentina (Continuatio). Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina 16: 231-241.

Boheman, C. H. 1845. Nya Svenska Homoptera. Ofversigt af Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar 1845: 154-165.

Caldwell, J. S. and L. F. Martorell. 1951 [dated1950]. Review of the Auchenorynchous [sic] Homoptera of Puerto Rico. Part II. The Fulgoroidea except Kinnaridae. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 34(2): 133-269

Crawford, D. L. 1914. A contribution toward a monograph of the Homopterous insects of the family Delphacidae of North and South America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 46: 557-640.

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Jankovic, L. and R. Papovic. 1981. Nove e retke vrste za fauna cikada (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha) Jugoslavija I. Glas Srpske akademije nauka i umetnosti in Odeljenje prirodno-matematickih Nauka Beograd 48: 121-134.

Kennedy, A. C., C. R. Bartlett and S. W. Wilson. 2012. An annotated checklist of the delphacid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) of Florida with the description of three new species and the new genus, Meristopsis. Florida Entomologist 95(2): 395-421.

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