Joanne Whalen, Extension IPM Specialist; jwhalen@udel.edu
In many locations, trap catches still remain high. Therefore, the potential for corn earworm and corn borer pressure remains high in fall vegetable crops statewide. You will need to scout fields at least twice a week as well as check local trap catches at http://ag.udel.edu/extension/IPM/traps/latestblt.html or call the Crop Pest Hotline (in state: 1-800-345-7544; out of state: 302-831-8851).
Cabbage
Continue to sample for cabbage looper, diamondback larvae, beet armyworm, fall armyworm and Harlequin bug. Although the pyrethroids will provide control of Harlequin bugs they are not effective on diamondback or beet armyworm in our area. So be sure to scout and select controls options based on the complex of insects present in the field.
Lima Beans
Continue to scout for stink bugs, lygus bugs, soybean loopers, beet armyworm and corn earworm. Moths can still be found laying eggs in fields. Be sure to sample for corn earworm larvae as soon as pin pods are present. A treatment will be needed if you find one corn earworm larvae per 6 ft-of-row. If soybean loopers become a problem this year, remember that they are a migratory pest, difficult to control and pyrethroid resistance has been documented in states to our south. Belt SC or Lannate LV are labeled for looper control. Be sure check the label for rates, restrictions (including plant back restrictions) and days from last application to harvest.
Peppers
At this time of year, corn borer, corn earworm, beet armyworm and fall armyworm are all potential problems in peppers. So be sure to select the material that will control the complex of insects present in the field. Be sure to check local moth catches in your area by calling the Crop Pest Hotline (in state: 1-800-345-7544; out of state: 302-831-8851) or checking our webpage at http://ag.udel.edu/extension/IPM/traps/latestblt.html. We continue to see aphid populations increasing, especially in fields where pyrethroids have been used on a weekly basis. Labeled materials are only effective if applied before populations explode.
Snap Beans
With the high trap catches, you will need to consider a treatment for both corn borer and corn earworm. You should also watch for beet armyworms and soybean loopers. Sprays are needed at the bud and pin stages on processing beans for worm control. With the diversity of worm pest that may be present in fields, be sure to scout fields and select materials that will control the complex of insects present. For the most recent trap catches in your area and to help decide on the spray interval between the pin stage and harvest for ECB control in processing snap beans, you will need to call the Crop Pest Hotline (in state: 1-800-345-7544; out of state: 302-831-8851) or check our website http://ag.udel.edu/extension/IPM/traps/latestblt.html and http://ag.udel.edu/extension/IPM/thresh/snapbeanecbthresh.html.
We have also observed an increase in whitefly populations. Be sure to check the Vegetable Crop Recommendations for materials labeled for whitefly control on snap beans: http://ag.udel.edu/extension/vegprogram/pdf/Beans.pdf.
Spinach
Continue to watch for webworms and beet armyworms. Both moths are active at this time and controls need to be applied when worms are small and before they have moved deep into the hearts of the plants. We are seeing an increase beet armyworm populations being found in vegetable crops – so it will also be important to select a material that will provide beet armyworm control. As a reminder, the pyrethroids have not provided effective beet armyworm control in past years. It also appears that webworm populations may be heavier than normal (typical during hot, dry seasons) so it is important to apply controls before any webbing occurs. Remember that both insects can produce webbing on the plants. Generally, at least 2 applications are needed to achieve control of webworms and beet armyworm, especially under heavy pressure.
Sweet Corn
With the continued high corn earworm trap catches, be sure that a spray is applied as soon as ear shanks are visible on plants (before you see any silk ). If fall armyworms are present in the whorl, you will need multiple whorl sprays for this insect before the ear shank spray to achieve effective control and to prevent larvae from dropping into the ear zone. Once fields are silking, you will need to check both blacklight and pheromone trap catches for silk spray schedules since the spray schedules can quickly change. Go to http://ag.udel.edu/extension/IPM/traps/latestblt.html or call the Crop Pest Hotline (in state: 1-800-345-7544; out of state: 302-831-8851). Be sure to check all labels for days to harvest and maximum amount allowed per acre.19:23