Delaware Agronomy Blog

University of Delaware Cooperative Extension

Category: Fertility (page 4 of 4)

Do You Need Micronutrients in Your Starter?

Whether or not you need micronutrients in your starter should come down to last years soil or tissue tests. Over the last two years, our research projects have not revealed a deficiency in many micronutrients, but we still understand it is out there. In 2018, we conducted a study at the Carvel Research and Education Center (Georgetown, DE) with two rates of (Mn), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) in the starter. We observed no effect on yield, which was expected as these soils were adequate in Mn and Zn based on UD recommendations. Although starter B had no effect on yield, B did have a positive correlation with yield in the starter study. This implies that with increase tissue B concentrations, yield also increased. Correlations imply relationships, but not necessarily why this occurred. An environmental variable may have influenced both B uptake and yield in this case, such as saturated soils leaching B while reducing yield. Continue reading

Early Cover Crop Termination vs Planting Green

Jarrod Miller, Jamie Taraila, and Amy Shober

Farmers must make several decisions when considering termination of cover crops. Early termination is typically the easiest option, since it reduces issues related to planting into a standing cover crop. In 2018, planting green decreased corn stands by 10,000 plants per acre in our Sussex County research plots. This type of stand reduction when planting green is not expected for all soil or cover crop combinations. Continue reading

Split Applied K for Soybeans

 

Summary: With a grant funded by the Delaware Soybean Board, we studied whether split application of K for soybeans would benefit yield on sandy soils. Yield increases through split application were not seen, although yield had a positive correlation with greater tissue K levels, and split applied plots had the highest leaf tissue K.

Discussion: With the lower cation exchange capacity of sandy soils, it is possible that some pre-plant applied K could leach below the root zone prior to crop uptake. We set up three treatments, no K, all pre-plant (70 lbs K2O/acre), and a 50/50 split. For the split applied treatment, the first half was applied pre-plant while the remaining amount was done just prior to reproductive stages. Potassium (0-0-62) was applied as dry granules with a Valmar spreader. Continue reading

How Much N Should You Expect From Your Cover Crop?

Amy Shober, Extension Nutrient Management and Environmental Quality Specialist; ashober@udel.eduand Jarrod O. Miller, Extension Agronomist, jarrod@udel.edu

Hairy vetch (left) and crimson clover (right) mixed with rye cover crop plots.

Small grains or legumes are commonly planted as cover crops in Delaware. While small grains are good at scavenging left over soil nitrogen (N) in the fall, they are not as likely as a legume cover crop to release that N early in the spring. It is helpful to remember that the C:N ratio of a cover crop can predict N availability to crops in the spring. A cover crop with a C:N < 20 at termination will be easily broken down by soil microbes and release N to the soil. In contrast, a cover crop with a C:N >30 at termination could result in tie up (immobilization) of soil N. If N is tied up by microbes, it will not be available for the emerging crop in the spring but may be available later in the season as that residue breaks down. Continue reading

Starter Nitrogen Fertilizer for Corn

Amy Shober, Extension Nutrient Management Specialist, ashober@udel.edu

Jarrod Miller, Extension Agronomist, jarrod@udel.edu

University of Delaware nitrogen (N) recommendations are based on a realistic yield goal with a base rate of 1 lb N per bushel of expected yield. Increased N use efficiency has been observed when 15 to 25% of the total N is applied as starter fertilizer and the remainder of the N is applied corn plants are 12 to 15 inches tall (around V5 to V6). This is especially important for corn planted in Delaware’s sandy, low organic matter soils, as these soils are susceptible to N leaching. Ultimately, split applying N to corn will help you get more N in your crop over the growing season. Continue reading

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