[Return to North American Flatidae]
Contents
- 1 Family Flatidae Spinola, 1839
- 1.0.1 Subfamily Flatinae Spinola, 1839
- 1.0.2 Tribe Nephesini Melichar, 1923
Family Flatidae Spinola, 1839
Subfamily Flatinae Spinola, 1839
Tribe Nephesini Melichar, 1923
Genus Ormenoides Melichar 1923: 73
Type species (in original combination): Ormenis distincta Melichar, 1902.
Synonyms
none.
Distribution
Widespread in Nearctic and continental Neotropical regions.
Ormenoides distribution from FLOW (as of May 2017)
Recognized species
There are 5 species currently assigned to this genus [Metcalf catalog: Metcalf 1957: 327]:
Ormenoides distincta (Melichar 1902: 82) – Brazil (Corrientes, Rio de Janeiro), Argentina
= Ormenis distincta Melichar 1902: 82.
= Ormenoides distincta (Melichar 1902); comb. by Melichar 1923: 73.
Ormenoides laevis (Melichar 1902: 84) – Surinam
= Ormenis laevis Melichar 1902: 84.
= Ormenoides laevis (Melichar 1902); comb. by Melichar 1923: 73.
Ormenoides pehlkei (Schmidt, 1904: 366) – Columbia
= Ormenis pehlkei Schmidt, 1904: 336.
= Ormenis prasina Schmidt, 1904: 370.
= Anormenis pehlkei (Schmidt, 1904); comb. by Melichar, 1923: 69.
= Melicharia prasina (Schmidt, 1904); comb. by Melichar 1923: 71.
= Ormenoides pehlkei (Schmidt, 1904); comb. by Medler 1996: 146.
= Ormenoides pehlkei (Schmidt 1904); comb. by Medler 1999: 31.
= Melicharia prasina (Schmidt, 1904); syn. by Medler 1999: 31.
Ormenoides subflava Metcalf & Bruner 1948: 86 – Cuba
Ormenoides venusta (Melichar 1902: 84) – USA: AL, DC, DE, FL, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MD, MO, MS, NC, NJ, OH, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA; CAN: ON
= Ormenis venusta Melichar, 1902: 67.
= Ormenis pauperata Melichar, 1902: 67.
= Ormenoides venusta (Melichar, 1902); comb. by Metcalf 1957: 328.
= Ormenoides pauperata (Melichar, 1902: 85); comb. by Metcalf 1957: 328.
= Ormenoides pauperata (Melichar, 1902); syn. by Bartlett et al. 2014.
List compiled primarily from FLOW (Bourgoin 2013), also Metcalf (1957) and an unpublished list by Lois O’Brien.
Economic Importance
Common, but not usually of major importance, although O. venusta feeds on ornamental and potentially agricultural plants. Ormenoides may occur in large numbers, but do little apparent damage and have not been directly implicated in plant disease transmission (although this has not been excluded either). Wax deposits of immatures on ornamental plants may be unsightly.
Plant associations
Ormenoides venusta is polyphagous; reported on Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. (Poaceae, hairy crabgrass), ; Juglans nigra L.(Juglandaceae, black walnut),Quercus velutina Lam. (Fagaceae, black oak), Ulmus americana L. (Ulmaceae, American elm), Ulmus rubra Muhl. (slippery elm), Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C.K. Schneid. (Moraceae, osage orange), Morus rubra L. (Moraceae, red mulberry), Rumex obtusifolius L. (bitter dock, Polygonaceae), Phytolacca americana L. (American pokeweed, Phytolaccaceae), Liriodendron tulipifera L. (tuliptree, Magnoliaceae), Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal (Annonaceae, pawpaw), Sassafras albidum(Nutt.) Nees (Lauraceae, sassafras), Liquidambar styraciflua L.(Hamamelidaceae, sweetgum), Platanus occidentalis L. (Platanaceae, American sycamore), Geum canadense Jacq. (white avens, Rosaceae), Prunus serotina Ehrh. (Rosaceae, black cherry), Rosa multiflora Thunb. (rosaceae, multiflora rose) and 15 more in Wilson & McPhearson (1981)
Recently found on Annona (Annonaceae) in Florida (unpublished record)
Hosts from Wilson & McPhearson (1981), and Wilson et al. (1994); plant names from USDA PLANTS or Tropicos.
Predators, Parasites
Ceraeochrysa lineaticornis (Fitch) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is reported to eat nymphs and construct debris packets from flatid wax (Wheeler & Stocks 2019)
Recognition
For North American taxa, this genus is most similar to Flatormenis, with which it can be readily confused. Ormenoides venusta is the only species in this genus occuring north of Mexico. Ormenoides venusta can be separated from Flatormenis by having 1 subapical vein on forewings (vs. 2 in Flatormenis); wings rounded apically (Flatormenis tends to be trunctate); frons narrower than Flatormenis (h:w ratio ca. 0.9:1; vs. ca. 0.5-0.7:1 in Flatormenis).
Ormenoides is included in the key in Metcalf 1938. Also in Wilson and McPherson 1980.
Among eastern flatids, Ormenoides venusta is smaller than Flatormenis proxima, and tends to have a brownish or orangish boarder on the wings.
Ormenodes venusta
Ormenodes venusta male terminalia
Ormenoides venusta on Rubus, July 2019, Broomall PA
Forewing of Ormenoides venusta from Wilson and McPherson 1980.
Illustrations of genitalia (More will be posted as I encounter them)
3.
Ormenoides laevis (as Ormenis) from Medler 1993
Ormenoides venusta from Medler 1993 (Plesiotype from Ohio, Terrace Park, 8.14.03; Bishop Museum)
Websites
FLOW.
BOLD.
Collecting
Ormenoides can be commonly collected by general inspection, sweeping or beating of woody vegetation. They are frequently conspicuous on their hosts.
Molecular resources
Data for Ormenoides appears to be absent of Genbank, but is available on Barcode of life for Ormenoides venusta.
Selected references
Bartlett, C. R. and J. L. Bowman. 2004. Preliminary Inventory of the Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina and Tennessee, U.S.A. Entomological News 114(5): 246-254.
Bartlett, C. R., L. B. O’Brien and S. W. Wilson. 2014. A review of the planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) of the United States. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 50: 1-287.
Bourgoin T. 2020. FLOW (Fulgoromorpha Lists on The Web): a world knowledge base dedicated to Fulgoromorpha. Version 8, updated 2020-05-07. http://hemiptera-databases.org/flow/https://www.hemiptera-databases.org/flow/?page=explorer&db=flow&lang=en&card=taxon&rank=genus&id=11749
Medler, J. T. 1993. Types of Flatidae (Homoptera) XVIII. Lectotype designations for Fowler and Melichar type specimens in the Museum of Natura History in Vienna, with 2 new genera and a new species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Serie B Botanik and Zoologie 94-95(B): 433-450.
Medler, J. T. 1996. Types of Flatidae XXII. E. Schmidt types in the Warsaw Museum and other museums (Homoptera: Flatidae). Bulletin of the Museum and Institute of Zoology PAS 1: 135-151.
Medler, J. T. 1999. Flatidae (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea) of Indonesia, exclusive of Irian Jaya. Zoologische Verhandelingen 324: 1-88.
Melichar, L. 1902a. Monographie der Acanoloniiden und Flatiden (Homoptera) (Fortsetzung.). Annalen des k. k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums. 17:1-253. Plate(s): 1-9.
Melichar, L. 1923a. Homptera, fam. Acanaloniidae, Flatidae et Ricaniidae. Genera Insectorum. Bruxelles 182: 1-185.
Metcalf, Z. P. 1938a. The Fulgorina of Barro Colorado and other parts of Panama. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Coll. 82: 277-423.
Metcalf, Z. P. 1957. General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle IV, Fulgoroidea, Part 13, Flatidae and Hypochthonellidae. North Carolina State College, Raleigh, North Carolina. Pp. 1-565.
Metcalf, Z. P. and S. C. Bruner. 1948. Cuban Flatidae with new species from adjacent regions. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 41: 63-118.
Paiero, S. M., S. A. Marshall and K.G.A. Hamilton. 2003. New records of Hemiptera from Canada and Ontario. Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario 134: 115-129.
Schmidt, E. 1904b. Neue und bemerkenswerthe Flatiden des Stettiner Museums. Entomologische Zeitung (Herausgegeben von dem entomologischen Vereine zu Stettin). 65: 354-381.
Spinola, M. 1839a. Essai sur les Fulgorelles, sous-tribu de la tribu des Cicadaires, ordre des Rhyngotes. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 8: 133-337.
Wheeler, A. G., jr. and I. C. Stocks. 2019. Ceraeochrysa lineaticornis (Fitch) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): larval plant associations and construction of debris packets from wax of planthoppers (Hemiptera: Flatidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 121(2): 299–310. https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.121.2.299
Wilson, S.W. and J.E. McPherson. 1980. Keys to the planthoppers, or Fulgoroidea of Illinois (Homoptera). Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science 73(2): 1-61
Wilson, S. W. and J. E. McPherson. 1981. Life histories of Anormenis septentrionalis, Metcalfa pruniosa, and Ormenoides venusta with descriptions of immature stages. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 74(3): 299-311.
Wilson, S. W., C. Mitter, R. F. Denno and M. R. Wilson. 1994. Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: R. F. Denno and T. J. Perfect, (eds.). Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York. Pp. 7-45 & Appendix.
