[Back to Higher classification of Delphacidae]

Family Delphacidae Leach, 1815

Subfamily Delphacinae Leach, 1815

Tribe Delphacini Leach, 1815

Genus Laodelphax Fennah, 1963

Type species (in original combination): Delphax striatella Fallén, 1826.

Distribution: Widespread in Palearctic and Indo-Malayan region.

Recognized species

Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén, 1826) – Widespread in Palearctic, plus China (Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Caroline Islands, China (Zhejiang), Croatia, Czech Republic,  Federated States of Micronesia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece,  Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku), Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Lithuania, Macedonia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Nansei-shoto (Ryukyu Islands), Netherlands, Norway, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines,  Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin), Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain (Canary Islands), Sweden, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan,  Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yugoslavia). (see also FLOW for some I may have missed)
= Delphax striata Fallén, 1806 [Nec Fabricius]; unavailable name replaced by Delphax striatella Fallén, 1826.
= Delphax striatella Fallén, 1826; replacement name for Delphax striata Fallén, 1806 [Nec Fabricius];  see Muir (1917: 334)
= Liburnia akashiensis Matsumura, 1900; original combination
= Delphax akashiensis (Matsumura, 1900) comb. by Oshanin (1907: 330)
= Delphacodes akashiensis (Matsumura, 1900); comb. by Metcalf (1943: 399)
= Delphacodes akashiensis (Matsumura, 1900) synonym by Matsumura & Ishihara (1945: 61)
= Liburnia striatella (Fallén, 1826); comb. by Scott (1870: 27)
= Achorotile striatella (Fallén, 1826); comb. by Oshanin 1870: 48.
= Delphacodes striatella (Fallén, 1826); comb. by Muir (1917: 334); Fennah (1963: 15)
= Liburnia devastans Matsumura,1900: 262; syn. by Horvath, 1903: 558.
= Liburnia marginata Haupt, 1935; syn. by Haupt (1935: 142)

Laodelphax truncata Sharma and Singh, 1980 – India

Plant associations

Laodelphax striatellus is polyphagous, but hosts include rice, maize, oats (Avena sativa), tall oatgrass  (Arrhenatherum elatius), Wheat (Triticum sp.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare).

Economic importance

Laodelphax striatellus, the small brown planthopper, is of major importance on a variety of crop systems.  It vectors Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), Maize rough dwarf virus (MRDC), Northern cereal mosaic virus (NCMV; including the Wheat rosette stunt virus – WRSV), Rice stripe tenuivirus (RSV), Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), and Wheat chlorotic streak virus (WCSV).

See, e.g., Conti and Plumb, 1977; Kwon et al., 2018; Toriyama, 1986; Dovas et al., 2004, Zhang et al., 2007, den Bieman, 2017, Weidong et al., 2017; Zhou et al., 2018 ; see also CABI Invasive species compendium.

Predators, parasites

The Allagelena difficilis (Fox, 1936) (spider Agelenidae) is a reported predator (Xu et al. 2010).

Recognition

Laodelphax striatellus

Male

Female

Molecular resources

A wide variety of molecular resources are available, including Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs), for Laodelphax striatellus on Genbankhere.   BOLD at this time has 38 barcode specimen records for Laodelphax striatellus (here)

Selected References

(about 625 references concerning Laodelphax can be found in the searchable bibliography here)

Achon, M. A., J. Subira and E. Sin. 2013. Seasonal occurrence of Laodelphax striatellus in Spain: effect on the incidence of maize rough dwarf virus. Crop Protection 47:1-5.

Adjei-Afriyie, F., C.-S. Kim, M. Takemura, M. Ishikawa, S.-i. Tebayashi and M. Horiike. 2000. Probing stimulants from the rice plant towards the smaller brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen) (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung Section C Journal of Biosciences 55(11-12): 1038-1043.

Anufriev, G. A. 2009. Cicadina. Pp. 52-69. In: 2009. Insects of Lazovsky Nature Reserve., Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Branch, Institute of biology and soil Science, Vladivostok Dalnauka (Russia).

Anufriev, G. A. and A. M. Averkin. 1982. On delphacids of the Komsomolsky Reserve (Khabarovsk Region, USSR) (Insecta, Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Delphacidae). Faunistische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden (1981) 9(6): 95-100.

Bae, S. D., Y. H. Song and K. B. Park. 1995. Study on the bionomics of overwintering small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen, in Milyang. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology 34(4): 321-327.

Bai, X., S. Z. Dong, Y. L. Bian, X. P. Yu and J. M. Chen. 2009. The relationships between yeast-like symbiotes and ovarian development and reproduction of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus. Acta Phytophylacica Sinica 36: 421-425.

Bai, X., S. Z. Dong, K. Pang, Y. L. Bian and X. P. Yu. 2010. Identification of one yeast-like symbiont from the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen) (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Acta Entomologica Sinica 53(6): 640-646.

Bellis G. A., Donaldson J. F., Quintao V., Rice A., Tenakanai D. and L. Tran-Nguyen. 2014. New records of Delphacini (Hemiptera: Delphacidae: Delphacinae) from Australia, Timor Leste and Papua New Guinea, and an updated checklist of Delphacini from Australia. Austral Entomology 53: 167-174.

Brezikova, M. and S. Linhartova. 2007. First report of potato stolbur phytoplasma in hemipterans in southern Moravia. Plant Protection Science 43:73-76.

CABI. 2017. Crop Protection Compendium: Laodelphax striatellus. CAB International. https://www.cabi.org/cpc/datasheetreport?dsid=10935 (Archived at PERAL).

Caciagli, P. 1991. Effect of anaesthesia with carbon dioxide on vectoring ability and survival of the planthopper Laodelphax striatellus. Annals of Applied Biology 119(2): 257-264.

Caciagli, P. and A. Casetta. 1986. Maize rough dwarf virus (Reoviridae) in its planthopper vector Laodelphax striatellus in relation to vector infectivity. Annals of Applied Biology 109(2): 337-344.

Caciagli, P. and A. Casetta. 1991. Effects of carbon dioxide anaesthesia on the ability of the planthopper Laodelphax striatellus to vector maize rough dwarf virus. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 26(1-2): 171-174.

Cheng, C. H. 2003. Studies on the population dynamics and forecasting population abundance of smaller brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen) on rice in Taiwan. Plant Protection Bulletin (Taiwan) 45(1): 17-33.

Conti, M. 1980. Vector relationships and other characteristics of barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV). Annals of Applied Biology 95(1):83-92.

Conti, M. and R. T. Plumb. 1977. Barley yellow striate mosaic virus in the salivary glands of its planthopper vector Laodelphax striatellus Fallén. Journal of General Virology 34:107-114.

Cvrkovic, T., M. Mitrovic, J. Jovic, S. Krnjajic, O. Krstic and I. Tosevski. 2010. Diverzitet cikada (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) u vinogradima Srbije. Zastita Bilja 61(3): 217-232.

Cvrkovic T., J. Jovic, M. Mitrovic, O. Krstic, S. Krnjajic and I. Tosevski. 2011. Potential new hemipteran vectors of stolbur phytoplasma in Serbian vineyards. Bulletin of Insectology 64 (supp.): S129-S130.

Dale, D. 1994. Insect Pests of the Rice Plant – Their Biology and Ecology. Pp. 363-485. In: E. A. Heinrichs, (ed.). Biology and Management of Rice Insects. John Wiley & Sons, New Delhi.

den Bieman, C. F. M. 2017. The first population of the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae) in the Netherlands. Entomologische Berichten 77(4):219-222.

Deng, K., Y. Yang, and C. Hu. 1997. Cytoplasmic incompatibility caused by Wolbachia in small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. Journal of Fudan University Natural Science 36(5): 500-506.

Dovas, C. I., K. Eythymiou and N. I. Katis. 2004. First report of maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV) on maize crops in Greece. Plant Pathology 53(2):238-238. [vector is Laodelphax striatellus, but not noted in article]

Drosopoulos, S., M. Asche and H. Hoch. 1983. Contribution to the planthopper fauna of Greece (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Fulgoromorpha, Delphacidae). Annales de l’Institut Phytopathologique Benaki (NS) 14:19-68.

Duan, C. X., N. Su, Z. J. Cheng, C. L. Lei, J. L. Wang, H. Q. Zhai and J. M. Wan. 2010. QTL analysis for the resistance to small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus Fallen) in rice using backcross inbred lines. Plant Breeding 129: 63-67.

Emeljanov, A. F. 1982. Fulgoroidea (Homoptera) collected in the Mongolian People’s Republic by the entomofaunistical group of the Soviet Mongolian complex biological expedition in 1970-1975. Insects Mongolia 8: 69-122.

Endo, S., A. Takahashi and M. Tsurumachi. 2002. Insecticide susceptibility of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallén (Homoptera: Delphacidae), collected from East Asia. Applied Entomology and Zoology 37(1):79-84.

Fallén, C. F. 1806. Forsok till Svenska Cicad-Artenas uppstallning och beskrifning. (Concluded). Nya Handligar. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens 27: 113-130.

Fallén, C. F. 1826. Hemiptera Sveciae. Cicadariae, earumque familiae affines.  Londini Gothorum, London (Great Britain). 80 pp. [75]

Fennah, R. G. 1956. Homoptera: Fulgoroidea. Insects Micronesia 6(3): 39-211.

Fennah, R. G. 1963. New Genera of Delphacidae (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society, London (B) 32: 15-16. [not a good scan]

Fennah, R. G. 1971. Homoptera: Fulgoroidea Supplement. Insects Micronesia 6(8): 563-609.

Gao, B., J. Wu, S. Huang, L. Mu and Z. Han. 2008. Insecticide resistance in field populations of Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Homoptera: Delphacidae) in China and its possible mechanisms. International Journal of Pest Management 54(1):13-19.

Gębicki, C., D. Świerczewski and J Szwedo. 2013. Planthoppers and Leafhoppers of Poland (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha). Systematics, Check-list, Bionomy. The Monograph. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum, Entomology 21-22: 1-245.

Gillerfors, G. 2003. Second contribution to the presence of Auchenoryncha in Sweden. Two new species for the country and new provincial finds. Entomologisk Tidskrif 124(4):219-224.

Guy, P.L., S.Toriyama and S. Fuji. 1992. Occurrence of a picorna-like virus in planthopper species and its transmission in Laodelphax striatellus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 59(2): 161-164.

Hachiya, K. 1992. Ecology of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen, and its feeding injury in Hokkaido. Shokubutsu Boeki 46(5): 200-202.

Hachiya, K. 1994. Number of eggs laid by the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. Bulletin of Hokkaido Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Stations 66: 1-6.

Hachiya, K. 1995. Egg parasitoid of small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) in Hokkaido, Japan. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 39(1): 89-90.

Hama, H. 1984. Notes on insecticide resistance of the small brown plant-hopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Nihon Oyo Dobutsu Konchu Gakkai Shi, Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology 28(3): 176-179.

Haupt, H. 1935a. Unterordnung: Gleichflügler, Homóptera. In Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas. Ein Handbuch zu ihrer Bestimmung als Grundlage für faunistisch-zoogeographische Arbeiten. Unter Mitwirkung hervorragender Fachleute herausgegeben von P. Brohmer, P. Ehrmann und G. Ulmer. Vol./pp.: 4 (3):115-221. Fig(s).: 182-422. [Keys to the families, genera and species.]

Hayashi, M. and S. Fujinuma. 2016. Part Fulgoromorpha. p. 323-355. In: Entomological Society of Japan. 2016. Catalogue of the insects of Japan. Volume 4 Paraneoptera (Psocodea, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera), 4. Editorial Committee of Catalogue of the Insects of Japan.

He, Y., Y.-B. Zhu, Y.-Y. Hou, S.-T. Yao, Z.-J. Lu, Z.-H. Jin, Z. X.-X. and B.-P. Zhai. 2012. Fluctuation and migration of spring population of small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus) on wheat in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces. Chinese Journal of Rice Science 26(1):109-117.

Heong, K. L., J. Cheng and M. M. Escalada. 2014. Rice Planthoppers: Ecology, Management, Socio Economics and Policy. Springer Netherlands. 1-231 pp.

Heong, K. L., and B. Hardy. 2009. Planthoppers: New threats to the sustainability of intensive rice production systems in Asia. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). 460 pp.

Holzinger, W. E., I. Kammerlander and H. Nickel. 2003. Fulgoromorpha, Cicadomorpha excluding Cicadellidae. Volume 1. The Auchenorrhyncha of Central Europe. Brill Academic Publishing, Leiden, Netherlands.

Hoshizaki, S. 1997. Allozyme polymorphism and geographic variation in the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Biochemical Genetics 35(11/12): 383-393.

Hoshizaki, S. and T. Shimada. 1995. PCR-based detection of Wolbachia, cytoplasmic incompatibility microorganisms, infected in natural populations of Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae) in central Japan: has the distribution of Wolbachia spread recently? Insect Molecular Biology 4(4): 237-243.

Hsieh, C. Y. 1974. Transmission of rice stripe virus by Laodelphax striatellus Fallen in Taiwan. Plant Protection Bulletin, Taiwan 15(4):153-162.

Hyun, J.S. 1977. Regional characteristics in the abundance of the smaller brown planthopper, Laodelphax steriatellus (Fallen), in Korea-An analytical study of light trap records. College of Agriculture Bulletin-Seoul University (Korea Republic) 2(2): 133-146.

Jeong, B.-K., H.-K. Chang and J.-C. Dong. 1984. Studies on the nymphal parasitism, Haplogonatopus atratus Esaki et Hashimoto (Dryinidae) of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. Korean Journal of Plant Protection 23(2): 116-118.

Jing, P., L. Huang, S. Bai, and F. Liu. 2015. Effects of rice resistance on the feeding behavior and subsequent virus transmission efficiency of Laodelphax striatellus. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 9(1):97-105.

Jovic, J., T. Cvrkovic, M. Mitrovic, S. Krnjajic, A. Petrovic, M. G. Redinbaugh, R. C. Pratt, S. A. Hogenhout and I. Tosevski. 2009. Stolbur phytoplasma transmission to maize by Reptalus panzeri and the disease cycle of Maize Redness in Serbia. Phytopathology 99: 1053-1061.

Jovic J., T. Cvrkovic, M. Mitrovic, O. Krstic, S. Krnjajic and I. Tosevski. 2010. Composition and Structure of planthoppers and leafhoppers assemblages in South Banat maize fields. Zastita Bilja 61(3): 233-247.

Kang, L., X. Ma, L. Cai, S. Liao, L. Sun, H. Zhu, X. Chen, D. Shen and C. Zhao. 2003. Superinfection of Laodelphax striatellus with Wolbachia from Drosophila simulans. Heredity 90(1): 71-76.

Kazino, Y. 1992. Ecology of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen), and control of rice stripe disease in Hokkaido. Report of Hokkaido Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Stations 77: 1-63.

Kim, D. H., H .E. Seo, S. C. Lee and K. Y. Lee. 2008. Effects of Wood Vinegar Mixed with Insecticides on the Mortalities of Nilaparvata lugens and Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Animal Cells and Systems 12: 47-52.

Kim, D. H.,S. C. Lee, D. Y. Kwak and K. Y. Lee. 2008. Cloning of heat shock protein genes from the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, and the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus, and their expression in relation to thermal stress. Entomologia Sinica 15(5): 415-422.

Kim, H. S., J. O. Lee, K. B. Uhm and J. S. Park. 1986. Relationship between the occurrence of small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen) (Homoptera: Delphacidae) and barley maturity. Korean Journal of Plant Protection 25(1): 21-25.

Kimura, Y. 1965. Resistance to malathion in the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 1(2):251-258.

Kisimoto, R. 1968. Yellow pan water trap for sampling the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen), a vector of the rice stripe virus. Applied Entomology and Zoology 3(1): 37-48.

Kisimoto, R. 1989. Flexible diapause response to photoperiod of a laboratory selected line in the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. Applied Entomology and Zoology 24(1): 157-159.

Kisimoto, R. and V. A. Dyck. 1976. Climate and rice insects. Pp. 367-390. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Climate and Rice. International Rice Research Institute, Los Baonos, Philippines.

Kisimoto, R. and Y. Yamada. 1986. A planthopper-rice virus epidemiology model: Rice stripe and small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. Pages 327-344 in G. D. McLean, R. G. Garett, and W. G. Ruesink, (eds.). Plant Virus Epidemics: Monitoring, modelling and predicting outbreaks. Academic Press.

Komori, R. 1992. Fluctuation of viruliferous rate of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen in the Kitakanto District. Shokubutsu Boeki 46(5): 203-205.

Koyama, and J. Mitsuhashi. 1979. Essential trace metals for the nymphal growth of the smaller brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 23(3): 173-177.

Koyama, and J. Mitsuhashi. 1991. Essential inorganic salts for nymphal growth of the planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 35(2): 137-143.

Krstic, O., S. Radonjic, S. Hrncic, T. Cvrkovic, M. Mitrovic, A. Kosovac, I. Tosevski and J.  Jovic. 2012. Diverzitet faune Auchenorrhyncha u vinogradima Crne Gore. Zastita Bilja 63(2): 107-112.

Kusumi, T., Y. Suwa, H. Kita and S. Nasu. 1979. Symbiotes of planthoppers: 1. The isolation of intracellular symbionts from the smaller brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 14(4): 459-463.

Kusumi, T., Y. Suwa, H. Kita and S. Nasu. 1980. Properties of intracellular symbiotes of the smaller brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 15(2): 129-134.

Kwon, D. H., I.-H. Jeong, S. J. Hong, M.-P. Jung, K.-S. Kim, S. W. Lee and S. H. Lee. 2018. Incidence and occurrence profiles of the small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus Fallén) in a rice paddy field in Korea in 2011–2015. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology.

Lashkari, M., G. N. Ganbalani, F. Mozaffarian, K. Ghorbani and A. Fathi. 2009. Faunistic study of planthoppers infraorder Fulgoromorpha (Hem., Auchenorrhyncha) in different climatic regions of Gorgan, Iran [Abstract]. Journal of Entomological Research 1(2):119-133.

Leach, W. E. 1815a. Entomology. The Edinburg encyclopedia; conducted by David Brewster 9: 57-172. (family Delphacidae here).

Lee, P. C. and R. F. Hou. 1989. Pathogenesis of Metarhiziumanisopliae var. anisopliae in the smaller brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus. Chinese Journal of Entomology 9(1): 13-19.

Li, W., H. F. Guo, R. F. Wang, B. S. Liu, W. F. Zhong and J. C. Fang. 2009. Comparison of the life tables of Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae) on different host plants. Acta Entomologica Sinica 52(5): 531-536.

Lin, L., Y. Xu, Y. Liu, S.-y. Bao, Y.-x. Xin and Y.-m. Li. 1996. Characteristics of Laodelphax striatellus transmit rice stripe virus. Acta Phytophylacica Sinica 23(3): 218-222.

Liu, B.S., Wang, L.H., H.F. Guo, W.F. Zhong, and J.C. Fang. 2009. The study of new effective compounds and mixtures to control the small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus). Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences 25(6): 1282-1286.

Liu, F., Y. Song., S. W. Bao, H. Y. Lu, X. M. Shi and S. D. Zhu. 2009. Behavioral responses of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus, to volatiles from resistant japonica rice varieties and its mechanism. Acta Phytophylacica Sinica 36: 443-449.

Liu, X. D. and A. M. Zhang. 2013. High temperature determines the ups and downs of small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus population. Insect Science 20(3):385-392.

Ma, C. Y., C. F. Gao, H. J. Wei and J. L. Shen. 2007. Resistance and susceptibility to several groups of insecticides in the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Chinese Journal of Rice Science 21(5): 555–558.[Chinese with English summary]

Mahmud, F. S. 1980. Alary polymorphism in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 28(1): 47-53.

Matsukura, K., K. Yoshida and M. Matsumura. 2011. Efficient monitoring of maize orange leafhopper, Cicadulinabipunctata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), in forage maize fields using yellow sticky traps. Applied Entomology and Zoology 46(4):585-591.

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Mishiro, K., K. Fujisaki and F. Nakasuji. 1994. Comparison of female reproductive effort and male mating success between macropterous and brachypterous forms of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 29(2): 211-217.

Miyake, T. 1966. Studies on the bionomics of three species of planthopper Laodelphax striatellus Fallen, Sogatella furcifera Horvath and Nilaparvata lugens Stal, especially on their siapause. Bulletin of the Hiroshima Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station 24: 1-53.

Miyake, T., H. Haruyama, T. Mitsui and A. Sakurai. 1992. Effects of a new juvenile hormone mimic, NC-170, on metamorphosis and diapause of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus. Journal of Pesticide Science 17(1): 75-82.

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Mori, K. and F. Nakasuji. 1991. Inheritance of body coloration in the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 26(4): 551-555.

Mozaffarian, F. and M. R. Wilson. 2011. An annotated checklist of the planthoppers of Iran (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Fulgoromorpha) with distribution data. ZooKeys 145: 1-57.

Muir, F. A. G. 1917.  Homopterous notes. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Honolulu 3: 311-338.

Nagata, T. and Y. Ohira. 1986. Insecticide resistance of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), collected in Kyushu and on the East China Sea. Applied Entomology and Zoology 21(2): 216-219.

Nakao, T., A. Kawase, A. Kinoshita, R. Abe, M. Hama, N. Kawahara and K. Hirase. 2011. The A2′N mutation of the RDL γ-aminobutyric acid receptor conferring fipronil resistance in Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 104(2):646-652.

Nemilostiva, N.I. and E.E. Sokolova. 1977.Laodelphax striatellus Fall. (Delphacidae) – a vector of zakuklivanie of cereals in Amur region, USSR. Trudy Dal’nevostochnogo Nauch. Tsentral’biol. Pochv. Inst 44: 126-128.

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Noda, H. 1984. Cytoplasmic incompatibility in allopatric field populations of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphaxstriatellus, in Japan. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 35(3): 263-267.

Noda, H. 1987. Further studies of cytoplasmic incompatibility in local populations of Laodelphaxstriatellus in Japan (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 22(4): 443-448.

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