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Family Delphacidae Leach, 1815

Subfamily Asiracinae Motschulsky, 1863: 108.

Tribe Ugyopini Fennah, 1979

Genus Canyra Stål, 1862e: 7.

Type species (in original combination): Delphax placida Stål, 1854.

Distribution

Neotropical (most species reported from Brazil).

Recognized species

There are 8 species currently placed in this genus. [Metcalf 1943: 35]

1 Canyra cylindricornis (Fabricius, 1803) – “South America”.
= Delphax cylindricornis Fabricius, 1803: 83.
= Asiraca cylindricornis (Fabricius, 1803), comb. by Latreille, 1807: 168.
= Araeopus cylindricornis (Fabricius, 1803) comb. by Schaum, 1850: 69.
= Canyra cylitidricornis (Fabricius, 1803), comb. by Stål, 1869: 95.

2 Canyra obscuripennis (Stål, 1854) – Brazil.
= Delphax obscuripennis Stål, 1854: 245.
= Canyra obscuripennis (Stål, 1854); new comb. by Stål, 1862e: 7 (by implication).

3 Canyra placida (Stål, 1854) – Brazil.
= Delphax placida Stål, 1854: 245.
= Canyra placida (Stål, 1854); comb. by Stål, 1862e: 7.

4 Canyra retrahens (Walker, 1858c) – Brazil.
= Asiraca retrahens Walker, 1858c: 327.
= Canyra retrahens (Walker, 1858c); new comb. by Muir, 1919: 6.

5 Canyra revertens (Walker, 1858c) – Brazil.
= Asiraca revertens Walker, 1858c: 327.
= Canyra revertens (Walker, 1858c); new comb. by Stål, 1862b: 488.

6 Canyra strigulosa (Walker, 1858b) – Brazil.
= Asiraca strigulosa Walker, 1858b: 84.
= Canyra strigulosa (Walker, 1858b); new comb. by Stål, 1862b: 488.

7 Canyra tenensis Muir, 1926 – Ecuador.

8 Canyra vittifrons (Walker, 1858a) – Unknown (not reported).
= Asiraca vittifrons Walker, 1858a: 44.
= Canyra vittifrons (Walker, 1858a); new comb. by Muir, 1919: 6.

Plant Associations

None reported.

Economic Importance

Limited – all species poorly known.

Recognition

The Ugyopini include only Ugyops and Canyra in the New World, but separation of the genera is a problem. Canyra is defined as having the first antennal segment sulcate above, median carinae of the frons may be forked, veins of forewing not granulate, Sc+R forked basad of cubital fork, and the absence of a distinct pterostigma (Metcalf 1938a). Presumably, species of Ugyops do not possess this combination of features, but Ugyops is broadly defined, and no feature (including the sulcate antennae) uniformly separates Canyra from New World Ugyops (Barringer & Bartlett 2011); however, this may be the result of misassignment of Canyra species to Ugyops.  Most specimens of New World “Ugyops” appear to have sulcate, or at least non-terete, antennae, including U. stigmata and U. godmani (contrary to Crawford, 1914), suggesting that Epibidis and Eucanyra might actually belong to Canyra (assuming Canyra is distinct from Ugyops).

Canyra placita (syntype #137); Thanks to Gunvi Lindberg (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden) for the photos.

 

Canyra placita (syntype #138); Thanks to Gunvi Lindberg (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden) for the photos.

 

Molecular resources

There is no data on this genus in Genbank or BOLD.

Selected references

Asche, M. 1985. Zur Phylogenie der Delphacidae Leach, 1815 (Homoptera: Cicadina: Fulgoromorpha). Marburger Entomologische Publikationen Marburger Entomologische Publikationen 2(1):1-398 AND 2(2): 399-910.

Asche, M. 1988. Zoogeography and evolution of Ugyopini – a tropical group of Delphacidae (Fulgoromorpha): first results. In: C. Vidano and A. Arzone, (eds.). 6th Auchenorrhyncha Meeting, Turin, Italy, September 7-11, 1987. Proceedings. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy. Pp. 405-409.

Barringer, L. E. and C. R. Bartlett. 2011. A review of New World Asiracinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Delphacidae) with five new taxa. Cicadina 12: 7-39.

Crawford, D. L. 1914a. A contribution toward a monograph of the homopterous insects of the family Delphacidae of North and South America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 46: 557-640, plus 6 plates.

Fabricius, J. C. 1803. Systema Rhyngotorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. 314 pp.

Fennah, R.G. 1979. Tribal classification of Asiracine Delphacidae (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Entomologist’s Record (I/V./79): 116.

Latreille, P. A. 1807a. Sectio secunda. Familia quarta. Cicadariae. Cicadaires. In Genera crustaceorum et insectorum: secundum ordinem natrualem in familias disposita, iconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata. Amand Koenig. Paris. 3:1-258.

Leach, W. E. 1815a. Entomology. The Edinburg encyclopedia; conducted by David Brewster 9: 57-172. (family Delphacidae page 125).

Metcalf, Z. P. 1938a. The Fulgorina of Barro Colorado and other parts of Panama. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Coll. 82: 277-423. (noted)

Metcalf, Z. P. 1943. General Catalogue of the Hemiptera. Fascicle IV, Fulgoroidea, Part 3, Araeopidae (Delphacidae). Smith College, Northhampton, Massachusetts. 552 pp. (see p. 35)

De Motschulsky, V. I. 1863. Essai d’un catalogue des insectes de l’ile de Ceylan. Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou 36: 1-153. (p. 108).

Muir, F.A.G. 1926b. Contributions to our knowledge of South American Fulgoroidea (Homoptera). Part I. The Family Delphacidae. Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association, Entomological Series, Bulletin 18: 1-51, plates 1-5.

Schaum, H. R. 1850a. Fulgorellae. Allegemeine Encyklopädie der Wissenschaften und Kunste in alnhaberischen folge von Genannten Schriftstellern bearbeitet und herausgegeben von I. S. Ersch und I. G. Gruber mit Kupfern und Charten. Erster Section A -G. 51:58-73.

Stål, C. 1854. Nya Hemiptera. Öfversigt af Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akadamiens Förhandlingar  11(8): 231-255.

Stål, C. 1862b. Synonymiska och systematiska anteckningar öfver Hemiptera. Öfversigt af Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar 19: 479-504.

Stål, C. 1862e. Bidrag till Rio Janeiro-traktens Hemipterfauna II. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 3(6): 1-75. (the first of these Stal 1858 2(2): 1-84 is on Heteroptera)

Stål, C. 1869a. Hemiptera Fabriciana. Fabricianska Hemipterarter, efter de i Köpenhamn och Kiel förvarade typexemplaren granskade och beskrifne. 2. Svenska vetenskaps-akademiens handlingar 8 (1):1-130.

Walker, F. 1858a. Homoptera. Insecta Saundersiana: or characters of undescribed insects in the collection of William Wilson Saunders, Esq. British Museum, London. Pp. 1-117.

Walker, F. 1858b. Supplement. List of the specimens of Homopterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum 1858: 1-307. [from Google books]

Walker, F. 1858c. Addenda. List of the specimens of Homopterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. 1858: 308-369.